Hero apical file

The percentage of debris was calculated by placing an integration grid Corel Photo Paint 12, Corel Corp. The action of the instruments on the root canal walls was assessed based on surface regularity, abrupt change in the continuity of the root canal wall, and partial or total predentine removal.

The percentage of uninstrumented root canal walls was determined by calculating the length of the canal outline that was not touched by the instruments in relation to the total length of the canal outline, using Scion Image software Scion Corporation, Frederick, USA Figures 2A and 2B. The mean percentages of remaining debris and uninstrumented root canal perimeter at the apical third, considering different apical enlargement, were statistically compared using the one-way ANOVA with post hoc Tukey tests.

Statistical analysis was performed at the 0. Data regarding the area with debris are shown in Table 1. Table 1 also shows the values, in percentage, found for the perimeter of action of the instruments. Cleaning of the root canal system is directly related to the action of the instruments and irrigating solutions on their walls during preparation. To obtain circumferential cleaning and shaping of these recesses, specific instrumentation motions such as brushing have been recommended for use.

These same authors also evaluated cyclic fatigue resistance of Mtwo NiTi rotary instruments, after simulated clinical use, in brushing and non-brushing actions in ovoid root canals. They concluded that fatigue in larger instruments could be reduced by using them with lateral brushing or pressing movements. However, each file was successfully used up to 10 times without intracanal failure.

Although there are contradictory findings in the literature regarding the effects of apical enlargement on the outcome of treatment, instrumentation to larger file sizes can also result in increased penetration of the irrigating needle and facilitate better irrigant exchange in the apical third of the root canal. Previous studies report that the Hero instruments are not able to clean the root canals completely, when used alone.

This is probably due to their lower flexibility, when compared to other instruments that do not have the triple-helix cross-section which allows directing the Hero instruments against the buccal and lingual walls of the root canal during instrumentation. According to Plotino et al.

In this study, 2 mL of distilled water were used between each instrument since the purpose was to evaluate the mechanical action of the instrument and not the chemical action of the irrigant solution.

Thus, only This was probably due to the increased contact of the instruments in the polar areas of the canal, causing displacement of the pulp tissue adhering to the pre-dentine and facilitating its removal by the physical actions of irrigation-aspiration. Distilled and deionized water were used for irrigation to avoid any kind of chemical action, such as tissue dissolution.

Thus, there seems to be a strong relationship between the contact of the instruments with the root canal walls and debris removal. Knowledge of the mechanical action of nickel-titanium instruments on the root canal walls is necessary to determine protocols that will allow increased contact, and to obtain complete cleaning with the aid of irrigating solutions.

Declaration of Interests: The authors certify that they have no commercial or associative interest that represents a conflict of interest in connection with the manuscript. Abrir menu Brasil. Brazilian Oral Research. Abrir menu. Introduction The use of rotary nickel-titanium instruments in endodontics has brought significant contributions to clinical practice in terms of safety, speed, cleanliness and the shaping of root canals.

Methodology Twenty-four human mandibular incisors, kept in 0. Comparative scanning electron microscopic investigation of the efficacy of manual and automated instrumentation of root canal. J Endod. The first two sections were 3 mm from the apical end of the root apical level and 3 mm below the orifice coronal level.

A further section mid-root level was recorded, dividing the distance between the sections of apical and coronal levels into two equal lengths. Ten teeth were instrumented using Hero rotary instruments and another 10 teeth were instrumented using stainless steel K-files.

Following the completion of the instrumentation, the teeth were again scanned and compared with the cross-sectional images taken prior to canal preparation. The instrument prevents the screwing effect according to the variable pitch. The proportion of core diameter and the outer diameter is greater at tip hence making it stronger at the tip. As the fluting moves up the taper the greater flute depth increases with flexibility along with strength. K Files are made up of a wire of cutting into a tapered instrument ending at the tip giving its tip a square cross-section.

These can be used in filling action or in reaming action. When the file is locked inside the canal the clockwise rotation it unwinds and gives ductile type fracture whereas in anti-clockwise rotation it leads to sudden brittle fracture. K Reamers have a triangular cross-section with loose spirals around the flute. They have a reaming motion. These are used to ream canals, they cut the canals by inserting into the canal by twisting clockwise one quarter to half turn and then withdrawing i.

K - Flex Files has a cross-section of rhomboid shape and has more flexibility because of the twisted and series of alternate sharp cutting edges. It has obtuse non-cutting edges which increase the cutting efficiency as compared to other K-Files. These files work the best for the debris removal , the obtuse angles of rhombus create anger that helps in removing the debris to a large extent. It also reduces the danger of dentinal filling in the canal. Felxo File has a cross-section of triangular shape which gives a sharper cutting edge.

These files are made up of stainless steel and do not have a cutting tip. These files have 29 spirals that gives more rooms for the removal of the debris.

The stainless steel file gives extreme flexibility and resists fracture. Twisted Files are the first NiTi fluted files that were manufactured by plastic deformation.

It has a sizing tip from 25 to 50 and tapers from 0. In these files, the NiTi alloys are twisted instead of being ground. The abrasive design has the ability to become extremely flexible , pliable and adaptive.

These are elastically compressible , thin-walled pointed cylinder with 1. These files are capable to achieve complete 3D root canal shaping and cleaning. SAF applies continuous pressure along the entire circumference of the root canal wall. It has an excellent adaptation to irregular canal anatomy. RaCe was designed like reamers with loosely wound flutes which have less contact with the inner wall of the canal.

Hence, less screwing effect. It reduces frictional resistance during rotation to a greater extent. The RaCe has a cross-section of straight-sided triangle which helps in better cutting effect. The sharpness of the non-cutting tip gives flexibility, less torque, and more control. It helps in preventing canal transportation. The RaCe gives in greater tapered preparation and is l ess time-consuming. It utilizes a heat treatment property which makes it a tough file with unique flexibility.

The flutes of the files do not open up when the stress level is reached. It has a triangular cross-section. NeoEndo Files should be used gently without exerting pressure. While using NeoEndo Files the canals should be irrigated properly before engaging the files. These files are taken passively to the point of resistance and then are brushed out from the canal. These files come in various sizes for narrow, medium and wide canals with different sizes and taper sizes.

WaveOne NiTi Single File System is specially designed as it works in a reciprocal motion in a reversed balanced force action. These files are manufactured with M-Wire technology improving strength which helps it to resist cyclic fatigue. The files have a modified convex triangular cross-section at the tip end as well as in the coronal end.

Hence improving the flexibility. The tips help in following the canal curvature accurately. These files come in three sizes i. Hero Shaper is micro mega NiTi files that were initially designed with a slightly negative rake angle and were neutral. But the advancement of NiTi files and they were redesigned with a positive rake angle hence giving them a nice cutting efficiency. It was originally known as Hero which has now been renamed as Hero Shaper. Hero Shaper comes in two sizes with various lengths and colours.

It comes in red, blue and yellow in colour. It comes in two flute lengths i. It comes in two taper sizes of 0. Red denotes n 25, blue denotes n30 and yellow denotes n Hero Shaper work on up and down movement with circumferential fillings. It irrigates the canal between the passage of successive instruments. Files have 3 edged tips with positive rake angle and big inner core for excellent resistance of breakage.

These instruments unwind to prevent fracture. The cross-section of Hero Shaper is similar to H-files but without radical lands. These files have elasticity in rotation with high flexibility. Hyflex Rotary Files works on the property of thermo-mechanical treatment. It retains its shape after bending. It has good superior canal tracking ability. It regains its shape after sterilization. These files are used to enlarge the canal to prepare it for irrigation and obturation in continuous rotation motion or if required in reciprocal motion as well.

The files are available in different sizes depending on the tip size of the file. It also has colour codes to indicate the degree of the taper. The new NiTi heat-treated files are manufactured making it fracture-resistant and flexible. These files can be used multiple times and can be restored during autoclaving. These files belong to the 5th generation of the root canal files. Hence, making the file stronger and fracture-resistant. These properties help in reducing the number of files required during the cleaning and shaping of the root canal treatment keeping the root canal anatomy intact.

These are extremely flexible files, enabling the ability to follow the anatomy of the root canal very closely, reducing the risk of ledging , transportation or perforation.

They can be bent and are very useful for the root canals with abrupt curvatures. This property of the file to reshape it according to the need of the curvature helps in root canal treatment plus it can be straightened by heat treatment.

It also strengthens the file making it resistant to cyclical fatigue. These files ensure the optimal shaping of the glide path due to the controlled memory. These files are designed for specific clinical usage such as calcified canals, straight canals, retreatments and removing GP. They are available in two taper variation i. Home News Endodontics Know more about Endo files.